Kisebbségvédelem, XI. (2025)

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14834/11862

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Browsing Kisebbségvédelem, XI. (2025) by Subject "emberi jogok"

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    A nemzetiségek alkotmányos helyzete a Jugoszláv Szocialista Szövetségi Köztársaságban 1974 és 1990 között. Tanulságok ötven év távlatából
    (Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem, 2025) Korhecz Tamás
    This study explores the constitutional status of nationalities in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1974 to 1990, focusing particularly on the federal level, and on Serbia and its autonomous provinces. The primary research question investigates how the 1974 constitutional framework addressed the protection and equality of non-Slavic nationalities within the socialist, multiethnic state. Employ ing a legal-dogmatic and comparative methodology, the study analyses the minority rights provisions across four constitutions (Yugoslavia, Serbia, Vojvodina, and Kosovo) and compares them to Serbia’s 2006 constitutional framework. The findings reveal that while the 1974 system guaranteed extensive collective and individual rights—especially in Vojvodina and Kosovo—these rights were only partially implement ed. Structural decentralisation enabled localised protection, yet political resistance, particularly from the Serbian majority, and lack of consensus within the ruling Communist Party, ultimately undermined the system. The study concludes that Yugoslavia’s minority protection model, though normatively advanced, lacked the sociopolitical cohe sion needed for long-term stability. The research offers critical insights into federal and multicultural constitutional design, emphasising the necessity of broad political support and administrative commitment for effective minority protection, a lesson still highly relevant in con temporary multinational states.
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    The right to education in minority languages before the European Court of Human Rights. Recent case law
    (Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem, 2025) Crnić-Grotić, Vesna
    This article analysed the most recent decisions delivered by the European Court of Human Rights on the right to have education in minority languages for the members of such minorities based on the European Convention on Human Rights. The Court basically confirmed its long-established stance that state parties have no duty to ensure education in languages other than the official one (or more, as the case may be). These decisions have also confirmed that the European Convention on Human Rights is not suitable or is suitable in a limited fashion for the protection of some specific human rights of the members of nation al and linguistic minorities. It is regrettable that the Court did not use the opportunity to expand the interpretation of the Convention to also cover the right to education in minority languages. Such an interpretation could have relied on the two Council of Europe treaties dedicated specifically to the protection of minorities and their languages. These treaties have recently celebrated the 25th anniversary of entering into force: the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.