Szociológia Tanszék

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Browsing Szociológia Tanszék by Author "Péli Gábor"

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    Globalization and variants of local adaptation: Theory and justification with symbolic logic
    (2016) Péli Gábor; Boone, Christophe
    An increasing body of evidence indicates that globalisation can trigger a variety of reactions from societies. The possible outcomes include blending, hybridisation, fault line formation or even an increased salience of local traditionalist value systems. An important task for the research field is developing systematic, comparative theories predicting which outcome is expected to emerge depending on the interplay between the global and the local. Drawing on the rich empirical literature on globalisation variants, the paper makes a further step in theory building proposing a typology with the four possible outcomes mentioned above. In order to make the model premises more transparent, we transcribe our arguments into symbolic logic sentences and derive the typology outcomes as theorems. This allows testing if the proposed model, indeed, implies the purported conclusions, and to see what consequences would, or would not, follow from a slightly modified premise set, that is, from a slightly modified globalisation theory.
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    Market Partitioning and the Geometry of the Resource Space
    (1999) Péli Gábor; Nooteboom, Bart
    The paper gives a geometry based explanation for organization ecology’s resource partitioning theory. The original theory explains market histories of generalist and specialist organizations with scale economies. We show that the main predictions can be restated in terms of certain structural properties of the n-dimensional Euclidean resource space. We model customer demand elaboration with the increasing number of dimensions (taste descriptors), and demonstrate that the resulting change in spatial configurations increases market concentration and enhances resource partitioning. The original and the proposed models of resource partitioning are complementary: their predicted effects add up and drive the events towards the perceived market phases. Moreover, each approach answers questions that the other cannot address.
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    Mozgó törésvonalak a magyar politikai térben. Hogyan lett a két ellenzékből egy a választói térelmélet szerint?
    (2021) Péli Gábor
    A magyar politika talányos eleme a jobbszélt uraló ellenzéki párt sok éve meghirdetett középre vándorlása. 2020 végéig nem történt a politikai térbeli koordináták számottevő változásában is megmutatkozó változás a bal-liberális és Jobbikos ellenzéki tömbök között, míg a kormánypárt és ellenzékek viszonyrendszere lényegesen átalakult. A Downs-féle politikatudományi térelmélet alkalmazásával bemutatható, hogy a 2010-es évtized nagyobbik részén áthúzódó „közeledünk is meg nem is” állapot alatt az ellenzéki tömbök relatív, a kormányoldalhoz viszonyított távolsága csökkent egy új politikai dimenzió uralkodóvá válásával. Ez a relatív közeledés az ellenzéki tömbök átellenes politikai nézeteinek megmaradása mellett is végbemehetett. Az évtized fordulóján ezt egészítette ki végül az álláspontok abszolút értelemben vett, politikai térbeli koordinátákban is megmutatkozó közeledése.
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    Organizational decision-maker bias supports merger wave formation: demonstration with logical formalization
    (2015) Péli Gábor; Schenk, Hans
    Imitation of firms that opt for strategic reorganizations by opting for mergers and acquisitions facilitates market wave formation. Empirical evidence on mergers and acquisitions suggests that, under uncertainty, firms regret more not following their rivals’ merger moves of yet unknown outcome than possibly failing jointly by copying them. Looking for the rationale for this bandwagon behavior, we explore the underlying decision-making framework by using formal logic and search for behavioral premises consistent with the observed outcomes. We point out three biased expectations, modeled by using a belief modal operator, that filter out relevant scenarios from the consideration set of otherwise rationally behaving decision-makers. The theorems derived from the logic model highlight the drive to imitate competitors’ merger choices for all but one of the eight possible outcomes of the decision-making framework. For the latter case, a boundary condition is given that makes imitation the predicted strategy. Our approach goes against the view that human behavior defies logic-based rendering also if such behavior can be adequately described as non-rational in an economic sense. Logic is a flexible representation tool to model even faulty behavior patterns in a transparent way; it can also help exploring the consequences of the cognitive mistakes made. Our findings suggest that threats to wealth creation may not necessarily find their origins in morally questionable organizational behavior, but rather in modalities of decision-making under uncertainty.